Lesson # 987 from Noble Quran
Lawful forms of turning back in battle
Surah ‘ANFAAL (SPOILS OF WAR) – Chapter – 8)
Stage – 2, Verses – 15 & 16 of 75, Section
– 2 of 10 (Part - 9)
BisMIllaahir-Rahmaanir-Rahiim
In the name of God, the Beneficent, the
Merciful
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15. O ye who believe!
When ye meet those who disbelieve in battle, turn not your backs to them.
16. And whoso on that
day turneth his back to them, unless manoeuvring for battle or intent to join
a company, he truly hath incurred wrath from Allah, and his habitation will
be Hell, a hapless journey’s end.
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15. Yaaa-‘ayyu- hallaziina ‘aa-manuuu
‘izaa laqiitu-mul-laziina kafaruu
zahfan- falaa tuwalluu-humul-‘adbaar.
16. Wa
many-yu-wallihim
yawma-‘izin- duburahuuu ‘illaa
muta-harrifal-liqitaalin
‘aw mutahay-yizan ‘ilaa
fi-‘atin- faqad baaa-‘a
bi-gazabim-minAllaahi wa ma’-waahu
Jahannam. Wa bi’-sal-masiir.
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Lesson
Zahfun –
(in battle), zahaf means “to move
forward for fighting”. Here it aims “to go ahead with the intent to fight”.
Muta-harrifan –
(manoeuvre, stratagem, planned movement, adroit proceeding), origin of this
word is taharraf, which has been
derived from harf. Harf means “one
side, aloof, a bank”. Taharraf means
“moving to this or that side, that is to say; to go forward, back, right or
left for changing the scheme. It is called “to make certain movement during
fight”.
Fi-‘atun –
(a company, section or battalion), here it aims “Army, camp etc. i.e. joining
big group or army by a few people.
The people who believe, are being
commanded here that when the battle is being fought, both fighter groups/
armies are advancing gradually towards each other for fighting, at that time; turning
and running away to save own life with fear of death, is unmanly. They should
not do so due to fear of death and enemies in the field of battle.
It is commanded that the believers
should not turn their backs with fear when they are facing the enemy because
while they have to fight; they should face it bravely. Turning backs to enemies
on such occasion is a very big sin. However, there are two occasions only when
it is lawful to turn backs:
· Manoeuvring
for the battle – if the aim is to change the trick of fighting, then they can
move any side as they wish.
· Intent
to Join a big group or company – if they are less in numbers and the opposite party
is a big group, whereas their big group is at some distance, then these people
can take refuge by running back towards the big group. Otherwise, there is no
other lawful form of turning backs from fighting. That individual or group who
will turn back, incurs wrath from Allah Almighty, will live a life of
humiliation and disgrace in the world, and on the Day of Resurrection, his
abode will be the Fire of the Hell; which is too bad place.
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